The expanding use of plant-derived biopesticides in sustainable agriculture has increased the need to evaluate their unintended effects on aquatic vertebrates. This study examined the toxicological properties of three commercially available botanical plant seed oils from neem (Azadirachta indica), pungam (Pongamia pinnata), and coconut (Cocos nucifera) using on zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism. The fishes and oils are punches from local aquarium and Palayamkottai market (latitude 8°4258 N and longitude 77°4420 E), Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. The acute toxicity was calculated over 96 hours through mortality trailing and opercular movement monitoring, while subacute effects were evaluated during 21-day exposure. Acute toxicity followed a concentration and time-dependent pattern, with neem oil showing the highest potency in 96-h on LC₅₀ - 4.8 ppm and LC₉₀ - 9.2 ppm, followed by pungam oil LC₅₀ - 6.2 ppm and LC₉₀ -10.8 ppm and coconut oil demonstrating the lowest hazard LC₅₀ - 9.5 ppm and LC₉₀ - 14.6 ppm. The opercular movement declined progressively with increasing dose and exposure duration, with neem and pungam oils causing the most marked respiratory depression. Sub-acute exposure showed high survival across all treatments, with only neem oil at the highest concentration producing mortality (20%). These findings indicate that while botanical plant seed oils are generally less hazardous than synthetic pesticides, neem oil despite its eco-friendly reputation can produce significant physiological and structural damage at elevated concentrations.